Retina Checkup (Diabetic / Hypertensive Retinopathy Evaluation)

A retina checkup is a detailed examination of the back part of the eye to detect early damage caused by diabetes or high blood pressure. Since these conditions can slowly weaken retinal blood vessels without symptoms, timely evaluation is essential to prevent vision loss and ensure long-term eye health.

Symptoms & Causes

Common Symptoms of Retinopathy

• Blurred or fluctuating vision
• Dark spots or floaters in vision
• Difficulty seeing at night
• Sudden vision loss (advanced cases)
• Reduced color vision

Causes & Risk Factors

• Poorly controlled diabetes
• Long-standing hypertension (high BP)
• Chronic damage to retinal blood vessels
• High cholesterol levels
• Smoking habits
• Kidney disease or vascular disorders

Treatment

Treatment depends on the type and severity of retinopathy. Early stages may only require monitoring and strict control of diabetes and blood pressure. Advanced cases may need medical or laser intervention.

Common Treatment Options Include:

• Laser Photocoagulation to seal leaking vessels
• Intravitreal injections to reduce swelling and control abnormal blood vessel growth
• Vitrectomy surgery for advanced bleeding or retinal traction
• Regular retina imaging (OCT, Fundus Photography) for monitoring

Early detection is the key to preserving sight. Patients with diabetes or hypertension should undergo routine retinal examinations even if they have no symptoms.

Prevention

Retinopathy can be prevented or slowed by maintaining overall health and having regular eye checkups.

• Keep blood sugar and HbA1c levels under control
• Maintain healthy blood pressure
• Follow a balanced, low-salt and low-sugar diet
• Avoid smoking and limit alcohol intake
• Exercise regularly to improve circulation
• Get a complete retina checkup every 6–12 months
• Take medications as prescribed by your physician